Assessment 2 Scenario:
My new media company has asked me to write a series of blog entries detailing the Ethical and Legal Constraints within 2 different media sectors. This blog posts should have relevant information as well as a selection of clips, images and diagrams.
Again, I will need to produce a series of blogs looking into these two industries, this time focusing on the legal and ethical constraints. Each blog should feature information on both parts.
By the end I will have four blog entries:
- Film Industry- Ethical and legal constraints research
- Game industry- Ethical and legal constraints research
- Film Industry- Ethical and legal constraints (Final and in my own words)
- Game industry- Ethical and legal constraints (Final and in my own words)
Legal Constraints: Legal constraints are laws that control the media sector and it's extremely important that these laws are followed.
Ethical Elements:
Ethical: Social issues and sensitivities. For example representation of gender, the representation of religious beliefs, linguistic usages and accessibility such as Professional body codes of practice. For example BBC producers' guidelines.
Ethical: Social issues and sensitivities. For example representation of gender, the representation of religious beliefs, linguistic usages and accessibility such as Professional body codes of practice. For example BBC producers' guidelines.
Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) accessibility standards.
Ethics Of The Film Industry Issues:
Depiction of Elements In Films:- In film strong language, violence and the way sex is used in film is an ethical issue. The way they are in films should clearly reflect the rating of the movie. An example of this would be when a boy killed someone in the style of the TV Show 'Dexter'.
Product Placement:- Product placement in the film industry should only be used if the company has given the rights and is being given money for being featured in the film. An ethical issue with this would be if a certain character would be drinking a Coke and influence children to do this leading to an unhealthy lifestyle.
Stereotypes:- Stereotyping in movies is a huge thing. The issue with this is that people will be influenced by the characters in a film and then have the same opinions that they shouldn't have. An example of this would be if a blonde lady is made to look stupid in a film, then people will start to stereotype blondes as if they are like this.
Taboo:- This issue revolves around somethings that should not be allowed to be shown in a film unless there is a reason behind it. An example of this would be to show a character using drugs in a movie. This will be inappropriate to show and would have a rating of 18 but would be allowed to be shown as the story may need this element.
Ethics of The Game Industry:
Depiction of Elements in Games:- Just like in films the way that strong language, sex and violence is portrayed could be an issue if the game isn't given the correct age rating this could effect the way certain age ranges could be. An example would be Grand Theft Auto using all of the previously mentioned things and not having the correct age ratings which would be bad.
Product Placement:- The product placement in games could be an issue if the company with their product in the game isn't being paid for. Also, like the film industry, if a product is used in a bad way the people who play the games may do the same wrong things due to the game influencing people.
Stereotypes:- People in games may be given a bad appearance causing some issues and having the same opinions as characters in games even though these are wrong. An example of this would be the way that certain women are portrayed in Grand Theft Auto.
Taboo:- In games the people who make them need to be careful in order to not have the game having an inappropriate side to it. An example would be that if a game needed to have a certain scene for the story to continue then the game should be given the correct rating.
Legal Elements:
Depiction of Elements In Films:- In film strong language, violence and the way sex is used in film is an ethical issue. The way they are in films should clearly reflect the rating of the movie. An example of this would be when a boy killed someone in the style of the TV Show 'Dexter'.
Product Placement:- Product placement in the film industry should only be used if the company has given the rights and is being given money for being featured in the film. An ethical issue with this would be if a certain character would be drinking a Coke and influence children to do this leading to an unhealthy lifestyle.
Stereotypes:- Stereotyping in movies is a huge thing. The issue with this is that people will be influenced by the characters in a film and then have the same opinions that they shouldn't have. An example of this would be if a blonde lady is made to look stupid in a film, then people will start to stereotype blondes as if they are like this.
Taboo:- This issue revolves around somethings that should not be allowed to be shown in a film unless there is a reason behind it. An example of this would be to show a character using drugs in a movie. This will be inappropriate to show and would have a rating of 18 but would be allowed to be shown as the story may need this element.
Ethics of The Game Industry:
Depiction of Elements in Games:- Just like in films the way that strong language, sex and violence is portrayed could be an issue if the game isn't given the correct age rating this could effect the way certain age ranges could be. An example would be Grand Theft Auto using all of the previously mentioned things and not having the correct age ratings which would be bad.
Product Placement:- The product placement in games could be an issue if the company with their product in the game isn't being paid for. Also, like the film industry, if a product is used in a bad way the people who play the games may do the same wrong things due to the game influencing people.
Stereotypes:- People in games may be given a bad appearance causing some issues and having the same opinions as characters in games even though these are wrong. An example of this would be the way that certain women are portrayed in Grand Theft Auto.
Taboo:- In games the people who make them need to be careful in order to not have the game having an inappropriate side to it. An example would be that if a game needed to have a certain scene for the story to continue then the game should be given the correct rating.
Legal: Content, interpretation and application of laws relating to media, For example Broadcasting act 1990 (and later amendments),
- Official Secrets Act 1989:- The Official Secrets Act of 1989 makes it a criminal offence to obtain or publish any information from a serving or former member of the security and intelligence services or from certain categories of civil servants or public contractors where that disclosure would be damaging. There is no public interest defense. If it is anticipated that a project will stray into this complex area of law, referral to your commissioning editor and programme lawyer should be made immediately.
- If a film or game steals information to use in their film it is illegal.
- Obscene Publications Act 1959:- a series of obscenity laws known as the Obscene Publications Acts have governed what can be published in England and Wales.
- This law stops certain things being published in certain areas of the world.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obscene_Publications_Acts
- Films Act 1985:- The Films Act of 1985 dissolved the British Film Fund Agency, ending the Eady levy system established in 1951. The Act also abolished the Cinematography Film Council and dissolved the National Film Finance Corporation, transferring its assets to British Screen Finance Limited. This act made it so that certain industries lost money and had to deal with the money it was given in order to make the product. This made it more difficult to make expensive things and easier for other things outside of the industry to be made with more money.
- Videos Recording Act 1984:- The Video Recordings Act of 1984 requires videos in physical formats such as DVDs and Blu-ray discs to be classified by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) before they can be sold in the UK. It is an offence to sell products rated BBFC ’12’ or higher to anyone not meeting the age requirement.
- Race Relations Act 1976 (And later amendments):- An Act to make fresh provision with respect to discrimination on racial grounds and relations between people of different racial groups; and to make in the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 amendments for bringing provisions in that Act relating to its administration and enforcement into conformity with the corresponding provisions in this Act.
- Human Rights Act 1998:- The Human Rights Act 1998 came into force in the United Kingdom in October 2000. It is composed of a series of sections that have the effect of codifying the protections in the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law. All public bodies (such as courts, police, local governments, hospitals, publicly funded schools, and others) and other bodies carrying out public functions have to comply with the Convention rights. This means, among other things, that individuals can take human rights cases in domestic courts; they no longer have to go to Strasbourg to argue their case in the European Court of Human Rights. The Act sets out the fundamental rights and freedoms that individuals in the UK have access to.
http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/your-rights/human-rights/what-are-human-rights/human-rights-act
- Licensing Act 2003 (And later amendments):- The Licensing Act 2003 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act establishes a single integrated scheme for licensing premises which are used for the sale or supply of entertainment purposes in this case.
- Privacy laws:- Privacy law refers to the laws which deal with the regulation of personal information about individuals which can be collected by governments and other public as well as private organizations and its storage and use
- Copyright:- Copyright is a legal right created by the law of a country, that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to its use and distribution, usually for a limited time, with the intention of enabling the creator to receive compensation for their intellectual effort.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright
- Intellectual Property Law:- Intellectual Property is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. By striking the right balance between the interests of innovators and the wider public interest, the IP system aims to foster an environment in which creativity and innovation can flourish.
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en
- Libel law:- Libel is defined as defamation by written or printed words, pictures, or in any form other than by spoken words or gestures.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defamation
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